*

(any or no characters)

&

(to search the singular or plural form of the word )

!

(any or no characters)

*

(exactly one character)

$

(any or no characters)

$N*

*

(any or no characters)

*

(any or no characters)

*

(any or no characters)

?

(one character; may use multiple ?s)

?

(stands for exactly one character)

*

(stands for any or no characters)

*

(one character anywhere; may use multiple *s)

?

(one or no character)

?N*

*

(any or no characters)

? (one character)

$ (one or no character)

?

(one or no character)

*

(any or no characters)

?

(one or no character)

done by default

bind phrase with "..."

done by default

done by default

bind phrase with "..."

done by default

bind phrase with "..."

and, or, not
NN, WN*

and, or, not

and, or,
and not

and, or, not

and, or, not
same

and, or, not,
adj,
near, with

and, or, not

use Refine Search

use Advanced Search or use field labels

done by default in news search

use Limit or Combine icons

use Advanced Search or Search History

use Search History to combine searches

use Advanced Search or Search History

yes

all full-text

all full-text

some databases

no

no

yes

yes

no

no

some databases

no

no

some databases

For an explanation of search fields, select Database Help .

Be aware when limiting that only 10% of articles have abstracts.

For help, follow the Help link.

To get the best database-specific guides, click Change Database , then click on the i icon.

In author searches, try the Author Index or Author Finder if the name is common.

To select which fields to view, use the Change Display button.

To find the details of the fields used, click Help , then Database Description .