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Our Latest Cases |
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| A Case Study Involving Influenza and the Influenza Vaccine John Bennett, Carroll College Teaching Notes for “A Case Study Involving Influenza and the Influenza Vaccine” |
This interrupted case study presents a discussion about the benefits of the influenza vaccine between Mary, a nursing student, and her coworker, Karen. Karen is not convinced by Mary’s arguments in favor of vaccination, and she counters with several common rationalizations for not getting the vaccine. Students work in small groups to evaluate the arguments for and against vaccination from the perspective of each woman. In addressing the questions associated with the case, students learn about the general biology of viral infections, treatment of infections, and immunity. The case was designed for use in an entry-level course in microbiology for nursing students or a first-year biology course for majors. |
| To Be Who I Am: An Issues Case on Identity and the Body Deborah Engelen-Eigles, Century College Teaching Notes for “To Be Who I Am” |
This case examines a rare condition known as Body Integrity Identity Disorder, in which an individual has a persistent and consuming desire to become an amputee. Students apply Charles Horton Cooley’s theory of the “looking-glass self” to explore factors that play a role in the creation of identity and self-concept. They further compare and critique cultural attributions of deviance to different forms of body modification and delve into the apparent contradictions inherent in a desire condemned as deviant by society, yet expressed in terms of values widely promoted by that society. The case is appropriate for introductory sociology courses as well as upper division and/or topics courses in social psychology, deviance, medical ethics, research methods, and disability studies. |
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Get the Lead Out! An Interdisciplinary Case Study for Science Students Laurie LeBlanc, Cuyamaca College, Robert Mazalewski, UC Davis, Jonathan Cook, Cuyamaca College, and Jasmine King, Cuyamaca College Teaching Notes for “Get the Lead Out!” |
This case study, developed for a general chemistry course, is intended to teach students the interdisciplinary nature of environmental science. Students take on the role of environmental chemists and, using atomic absorption spectroscopy, test for lead contamination in groundwater samples taken from an old mining district in Lake County, Colorado. After researching remediation methods, students propose practical solutions to local soil contamination. |
Anatomy & Physiology |
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| Uretero What? A Systems-level View of a Pregnancy with Medical Complications Laura Y. Lorentzen, Kean University, and Youssef Kousa, Michigan State University Teaching Notes for “Uretero What?” |
This case study follows a woman faced with a series of difficult medical decisions. Students apply systems-level physiology as they explore a pregnancy with medical complications and discuss situations involving life-changing decisions prompted by modern medical technologies. This case could be used in an advanced biology course at the high school level, or in undergraduate courses in general biology, human anatomy and physiology, human health, human sexuality, medical ethics, sociology, or women’s studies. The case study also would be applicable to first-year medical students in a course in medical physiology as well as students in nurse practitioner, midwifery, or physician’s assistant programs. |
| Keeping up with the Jones’s: A Case Study in Human Physiology Phil Stephens, Villanova University Teaching Notes for “Keeping up with the Jones’s” |
This interrupted case study in cardiovascular physiology focuses on Suzie, a self-reliant young woman who is training hard for the upcoming figure skating season. But family dynamics combined with high aspirations of competing in the Olympic Games have negative consequences for her health. Students are presented with a variety of signs, symptoms, and medical data that they are asked to interpret by researching and answering a series of guided questions. |
| A Case of Iron Deficiency Anemia David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Iron Deficiency Anemia” A Case of Pharyngitis David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Pharyngitis” A Case of Thrombocytopenia David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Thrombocytopenia” A Case of X-linked Agammaglobulinemia David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of X-linked Agammaglobulinemia” |
This set of four case studies in anatomy and physiology explores various aspects of the hemolymphatic system. In each we are introduced to a person suffering from a particular disorder or disease. Students read the short case scenario, which provides a brief clinical history of the patient and a description of the relevant signs and symptoms, and then answer a set of directed questions designed to probe the students knowledge of the underlying anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the disease/disorder. |
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Mary Keepers Aching Head Brent J.F. Hill, University of Central Arkansas Teaching Notes for “Mary Keepers Aching Head” |
In this problem-based learning case, students read about a 41-year-old woman who is suffering from recurring headaches. Working in small groups, the students analyze a variety of information and then formulate a diagnosis. The case was designed for use in the second semester of a two-semester anatomy and physiology class for undergraduates to teach them about the endocrine system. |
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Why Does Grandpa Ignore Grandma? A Case Study in Hearing Loss Benjamin F. Timson and Scott D. Zimmerman, Missouri State University Teaching Notes for “Why Does Grandpa Ignore Grandma?” |
Carla, a first semester graduate student in audiology, has noticed that her grandfather appears to be having trouble hearing what her grandmother says. Other people in the family cant help but notice it too as it becomes a source of increasing aggravation and strife between Carlas grandparents. Students read the case and analyze data in order to understand the nature of Carlas grandfathers problem. The case was developed for a medical physiology course taken by postgraduate students in physical therapy and physician assistant professional programs and graduate students in a cell and molecular biology program. It could also be adapted for use in general education human biology or human aging courses or in a majors undergraduate physiology course. |
| Chemical Eric: Dealing with the Disintegration of Central Control Eric Ribbens, Western Illinois University Teaching Notes for “Chemical Eric” |
This case is designed to teach introductory biology majors about the role of the pituitary in controlling hormones. It presents an actual case of a boy who begins to show the first signs of a pituitary tumor at the age of 11. The case chronicles his symptoms and medical conditions (and crises) through age 45. By examining the effects of pituitary disruption and tracing them back to their hormonal causes, students gain an understanding of the role of the pituitary in controlling a variety of hormones as well as the cascade of effects triggered by high-level pituitary hormones. |
| A Case of Cerebrovascular Accident David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Cerebrovascular Accident” A Case of Spinal Cord Injury David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Spinal Cord Injury” A Case of Neurocardiogenic Syncope David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Neurocardiogenic Syncope” |
This set of three case studies in human anatomy and physiology explores various aspects of the nervous system. In each we are introduced to a person suffering from a particular disorder or disease. Students read the short case scenario, which provides a brief clinical history of the patient and a description of the relevant signs and symptoms of the disease, and then answer a set of directed questions designed to probe the students knowledge of the underlying anatomy, physiology and pathology. For two of the cases, students are also prompted to make a diagnosis based upon the signs, symptoms and clinical tests provided. |
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The Campus Coffee Shop: Caffeine Conundrums Wendy Heck, North Carolina Central University, Andrea Novicki, Johnson C. Smith University, and Brian Rybarczyk, University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill Teaching Notes for “The Campus Coffee Shop” |
Since caffeine is a widely used substance, especially by college age students, this case on the effects of caffeine on the human body serves as a real-world connection to many students lives. The case is divided into sections covering background information on caffeine, cell biology and signal transduction, Parkinsons Disease, cardiovascular effects, and addiction/withdrawal. The case was designed so that a section can be used alone or in combination with other sections, as dictated by topic/curriculum needs. It would be appropriate for use in a variety of science and health related courses, including anatomy and physiology, disease related courses, genetics, cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry, and neuroscience. |
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Lewis and Clark Reloaded: The 3,041-Mile Bike Trail
Mary Rose Grant, Saint Louis University Teaching Notes for “Lewis and Clark Reloaded” |
This interrupted case provides students with an opportunity to review normal physiology of organ systems as well as the changes that occur during physical exertion. Through the storyline, students become diagnosticians, using investigative and analytical skills to piece together an understanding of the medical condition of a long-distance cyclist. The pivotal point in the case is learning that seemingly harmless and legally available substances can lead to potentially fatal outcomes affecting organ systems already taxed beyond normal limits. As the case unfolds, students may expand the discussion to include legal and ethical issues of using performance-enhancing drugs in endurance sports. |
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A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed: A Case Study on Human Respiratory Physiology William H. Cliff, Niagara University, and Ann W. Wright, Canisius College Teaching Notes for “A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed” |
This directed case study was designed to help students strengthen their understanding of the transport of oxygen in the blood through an analysis of the pathophysiology of a common, real-world problem namely, carbon monoxide poisoning. The case was developed for use by undergraduates majoring in biology, nursing, and education who are enrolled in a two-semester course in human anatomy and physiology. |
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The Tired Swimmer: A Case Study on the Nervous System Allison Russo, Morgan Falk, and Phil Stephens, Villanova University Teaching Notes for “The Tired Swimmer” |
Annie is on a college swimming scholarship. Recently she has been feeling tired and her times have been getting slower. She has also noticed that her vision is often blurred. Concerned, she goes to see her doctor over the mid-term break and is referred to a neurologist, who finds that Annie is suffering from something more than just fatigue. This interrupted case study takes students through a series of stages that describe Annies problems and symptoms. Students use their knowledge of nerve and muscle physiology to fit the pieces together and determine what is wrong with Annie. |
| Taking It on the Chin:
A Case Study on the Nervous System
Stephanie DeMarco, Caitlyn Woods, and Phil Stephens, Villanova University Teaching Notes for “Taking it on the Chin” |
In this interrupted case study, students follow the story of Mr. Gower, who is having a root canal done by his dentist on a beautiful spring day. All goes well, but that night he feels tired and light headed, and the next morning his jaw is stiff and he has no appetite. Over the next several days, his health continues to deteriorate. The case presents information describing Mr. Gower’s problems and symptoms in stages, which the students analyze to determine what is wrong with Mr. Gower. |
| The Soccer Mom: A Case Study on the Nervous System Jennifer Bolognese, Misti Coronel, Anita Intorre, and Phil Stephens, Villanova University Teaching Notes for “The Soccer Mom” |
Phyllis Jackson has fainted on the soccer field. She thinks shes just dehydrated, but her husband is worried. He has noticed that shes been having difficulty concentrating at work and is forgetful at times at home. At his suggestion, Phyllis goes to the doctor, where a series of tests reveal that she is suffering from a neurological disorder. In this interrupted case study, students are presented with Phylliss signs and symptoms, which they must interpret in order to diagnosis her problem. |
| "It was a hot August afternoon..." Anthony C. Steyermark, University of St. Thomas Teaching Notes for “It was a hot August afternoon...” |
A farmer becomes concerned after discovering a number of dead animals on his small farm, including some ducks, several deer, and a coyote, all within a single week. Fearing that someone might be poisoning his land, he calls in a veterinary pathologist to investigate. The case was designed to teach students in an an upper-division comparative anatomy and physiology class about the central nervous system. |
| A Typical Cold? Brent J.F. Hill, University of Central Arkansas Teaching Notes for “A Typical Cold?” |
In this problem-based learning case, a couple who has adopted a three-year-old toddler is concerned about the child’s health, in particular the fact that the boy wheezes when he breathes. Students work in groups to analyze a variety of information and formulate a diagnosis. The case was developed for a two-semester anatomy and physiology class for undergraduates to teach them about cell physiology and tissue anatomy. |
| The Hot Tub Mystery:
The Story of a Very HOT Tub Herbert House, Elon University Teaching Notes for “The Hot Tub Mystery” |
Roma and Clint Underhill are relaxing after a stressful day in their hot tub with some wine. But tragedy strikes, and the next morning their lifeless bodies are found in the water by their housekeeper. The paramedics who respond to her frantic 911 call pronounce the couple dead at the scene and call in the police to investigate. Developed for use in a lower-level undergraduate course on human physiology, students work through the various parts of this interrupted case to discover the cause of the Underhills’ deaths, and in the process learn about blood pressure regulation. |
| Anyone Who Had A Heart:
A Case Study in Physiology Phil Stephens, Villanova University Teaching Notes for “Anyone Who Had A Heart” |
After undergoing a fertility procedure, a 37-year-old woman and her husband are expecting twins. The delivery goes smoothly, but it soon becomes clear that while the baby boy appears normal, the baby girl has a heart problem and is cyanotic. In this interrupted case study, students are asked to diagnose the problem based on the babies’ signs and symptoms as well as their knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the heart and the changes that occur in the heart after birth. |
| Sweet Indigestion:
A Directed Case Study on Carbohydrates Peggy Brickman, University of Georgia Teaching Notes for “Sweet Indigestion” |
These days it seems like everyone is counting carbs. About 24 million Americans report they have cut carbohydrates from their diet, and 44 million more say they may try a low-carb diet in the next two years. But what do people really know about carbohydrates? This directed case study, designed for use in a large enrollment introductory course, teaches students how to recognize carbohydrates in the foods they eat and to differentiate between different classes of carbohydrates. Students learn how the body utilizes carbohydrates and discuss whether or not eliminating them from their diet can be healthful. |
| A Case of Seasonal Affective Disorder David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Seasonal Affective Disorder” A Case of a Pheochromocytoma David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of a Pheochromocytoma” A Case of Diabetes Insipidus David F. Dean, Spring Hill College Teaching Notes for “A Case of Diabetes Insipidus” |
These three short case studies explore topics in anatomy and physiology. In each we are introduced to a person suffering from a particular disorder or disease. Students read about the symptoms and then answer a set of directed questions designed to teach facts and principles using reference books, textbooks, the Internet, and each other as sources of information. |
| Its Like Pulling Teeth:
A Case Study in Physiology Phil Stephens, Villanova University Teaching Notes for “Its Like Pulling Teeth” |
In this interrupted case study, a middle-aged man is having his wisdom teeth surgically removed. He decides to have a general anesthetic, but is unaware of the reaction he will have to halothane. His skeletal muscles go rigid and his body temperature rapidly increases. Students use their knowledge of nerve, synaptic, and muscle function to complete flow diagrams, and consider how each step in the flow diagram could produce maintained muscle contraction. |
| Split My Brain: A Case Study
of Seizure Disorder and Brain Function
Julia Omarzu, Loras College Teaching Notes for “Split My Brain” |
This case study involves a couple deciding whether or not their son should undergo brain surgery to treat a severe seizure disorder. In examining this dilemma, students apply knowledge of brain anatomy and function. They also learn about brain scanning techniques and discuss the plasticity of the brain. The case was written for an introductory psychology course, but could be adapted for any course that covers brain anatomy, neurological disorders, or rehabilitation therapies. |
| The Ice Hockey Injury:
An Interrupted Case Study Phil Stephens, Villanova University Teaching Notes for “The Ice Hockey Injury” |
The high school ice hockey team is playing the last of three games in one day. The game gets rough and Rick, the star player, is slammed against the boards. He is injured and is escorted from the ice. This interrupted case study follows Ricks health as it deteriorates over the next few hours. Students are presented with Ricks symptoms and are expected to use their knowledge of anatomy and physiology to diagnose the problem. |
| Football Fanaticism: An Integrated Physiology Case Study Dayton J. Ford, St Louis College of Pharmacy Teaching Notes for “Football Fanaticism” |
A fight in a college town bar between the football player of one team and a drunken fan of a rival team results in a serious spinal cord injury. Students working in groups read the case and research the questions associated with it, which they then discuss in class. The case was designed to help pharmacy students understand the architecture of the central nervous system, its major motor/sensory tracts, the signs/symptoms of motor and sensory tract lesions, and the treatment of spinal cord injuries. |
| Woe to That Child: A Case of Cystic Fibrosis Dayton J. Ford, St. Louis College of Pharmacy Teaching Notes for “Woe to That Child” |
The Horowitz’s son Alvin has had a chronic cough for almost a week, and he’s wheezing a lot more than they think is normal for a child with a cold, which is what their family pediatrician has told them Alvin has. But the pediatric pulmonologist on duty in the ER tells them their son is suffering from something much more serious than a cold. This case study on cystic fibrosis was developed for second-year pharmacy students to help them tie together elements of cell physiology, osmosis and tonicity, and membrane transport processes. |
| Bad Fish—General Biology Edition Bad Fish—Anatomy & Physiology Edition Bad Fish—Cell & Molecular Biology Edition James A. Hewlett, Finger Lakes Community College Teaching Notes for “Bad Fish” |
The protagonist of this case study, Dr. Westwood, survives an accidental poisoning—not once, but twice. Students read about the incidences, applying what they learn in each part of the case to the later sections, and then design a drug to treat the neurotoxin poisoning described in the story. The General Biology Edition is designed for an introductory biology course. Its basic storyline and core objectives are carried over into an Anatomy & Physiology Edition and a Cell & Molecular Biology Edition, each with its own set of questions. |
| Eyes Without a Face: Stem Cell Research and Corneal Implants Kari Mergenhagen, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Eyes Without a Face” |
Although blind since childhood as the result of an accident, Lucy has never given up hope that one day she might see again. So, when her ophthalmologist tells her about a study being conducted at the University Medical Center that might help her regain some sight, Lucy is eager to sign on. This case explores the use of adult stem cells and amniotic membranes to restore vision after traditional transplants have failed, and is appropriate for students of biology, physiology, and health-related fields. |
| Wake-Up Call Lisa M. Rubin and Clyde F. Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Wake-Up Call” |
The main character of this case is Denise, who we first meet in the early morning hours as she wakes up in a cold sweat, gasping for breath. But it’s her husband, Jeremy, who has been diagnosed with heart disease, not her. What’s going on? In this interrupted case study, in which the other main character is Denise’s heart, who we get to know through a series of “interior” monologues, students learn about the risk factors, symptoms, and consequences of a heart attack. |
| Left Out in the Cold: A Case Study in Thermoregulation Tom Cappaert, Central Michigan University Teaching Notes for “Left Out in the Cold” |
While backpacking in the Canadian Rockies, Joel loses his way and finds that his experience hiking and camping in his home state of Florida hasn’t prepared him for springtime weather conditions in this part of the world. This case study allows students to review and integrate physiological responses to cold exposure. It is appropriate for use in upper-level physiology, exercise physiology, and other courses in which integration of physiological systems and clinical outcomes are a primary focus. |
| Lost in the Desert David Evans, Penn College/PSU Teaching Notes for “Lost in the Desert” |
Students learn about the interconnectedness of the body, with a particular focus on the skin as one of the most important homeostatic organ systems, in this case study in which the protagonist sets out on a three-hour drive across the Arizona desert to meet his fiance in California - and never shows up. The case was designed to be used with students in a lower-level anatomy and physiology class who are interested in pursuing careers in nuring, occupational therapy, and other health related fields. |
| Shark Attack! Herbert House, Elon University Teaching Notes for “Shark Attack!” |
This case is based on the real-life incident of a boy whose arm was bitten off by a bull shark while swimming off the coast of Florida in the summer of 2001. After the boy’s arm was retrieved from the shark’s mouth, it was surgically reattached. Studying the arm and reattachment surgery, students learn about regional human anatomy. |
| It Takes a Lot of Nerve Tangi Mitchell and Cheryl L. Watson, Central Connecticut State University Teaching Notes for “It Takes a Lot of Nerve” |
In this two-part case study on the nervous system, students learn about neural pathways. The case scenarios are drawn from real life and require students to explain the physiological mechanisms at work. The first scenario is designed for freshmen level students while the second is for senior biology majors and graduate students. |
| A Bad Reaction: A Case Study in Immunology James A. Hewlett, Finger Lakes Community College Teaching Notes for “A Bad Reaction” |
This case involves the transfer of a peanut allergy to a patient who received a combined kidney and liver transplant from a donor who had died from an allergic reaction to peanuts. In addition to illustrating the various roles of immune cells, the physiology of anaphylaxis, and the function of antibodies in immune physiology, the case explores concepts related to histocompatibilities, organ donation, and organ rejection. The case is appropritae for use in a course in human physiology, a combined course in human anatomy and physiology, or an introductory course in immunology. |
| Gender: In the Genes or in the Jeans?
A Case Study on Sexual Differentiation William J. Hoese, California State University Fullerton, Judith Gibber, Columbia University, and Bonnie Wood, University of Maine Presque Isle Teaching Notes for “Gender: In the Genes or in the Jeans?” |
This case explores the biology of human sexual differentiation and its social and ethical ramifications. In working through the case, students learn how scientists use laboratory experiments on animals and “experiments of nature,” or conditions that occur naturally in humans, to help them understand human biology. |
| Amber’s Secret Lisa M. Rubin and Clyde F. Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Amber’s Secret” |
This problem-based case focuses on the female menstrual cycle and early stages of pregnancy of an unwed teenager. Working in small groups, students identify the learning issues for each part of the story and research answers to their questions. They are then given more of the case to evaluate. The cycle of analysis, information seeking, and sharing is repeated for each stage of the case. The case can be used in numerous settings including general health, biology, and sociology classes or in more specialized courses such as physiology, endocrinology, nursing, medicine, human development, social services, or counseling. |
| Brain vs. Spinal Cord: A Directed Case Study in CNS Injury Patrick Field, Kean University, and Tom Cappaert, Central Michigan University Teaching Notes for “Brain vs. Spinal Cord” |
In this case, students read about the injuries sustained by a young man hurt in a serious diving accident. To solve the case, they must determine the type of central nervous system injury described using their knowledge of the differences between symptoms and signs of brain and spinal cord injury. |
| Dem Bones:
Forensic Resurrection of a Skeleton Alease Bruce, University of Massachusetts at Lowell Teaching Notes for “Dem Bones” |
In this case study, a forensic anthropologist must determine the age and sex as well as look for signs of trauma to a skeleton found in a shallow grave in a state park. Students simulate the actual procedures used in a forensics lab and learn to identify bones, landmarks, and anatomical features associated with sex, age, height, and pathology. The case was developed for use in a freshman-level human anatomy and physiology course. It could also be used in biology, anatomy, and anthropology courses. |
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2000-Meter Row: A Case in Homeostasis Nathan Strong, New Hampshire Technical Institute Teaching Notes for “The 2000-Meter Row” |
The physically demanding sport of competitive rowing is the backdrop for this case about homeostatis in which students follow the physiological changes that occur in an athlete competing in a 2000-meter race. The case was developed for use in a second-year anatomy and physiology course. It would also be appropriate in exercise and sports science classes. |
| “Into
Thin Air” A Case Study in Physiology Jennifer Lundmark, California State University, Sacramento Teaching Notes for “Into Thin Air” |
As an exhausted climbing expedition ascends a steep cliff, one climber in particular experiences severe difficulty breathing and quickly becomes the focus of this case study in which students are asked to assess the physiological changes that occur at high altitudes. |
Anthropology |
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| Dire Straights? Transsexualism and Gender Stereotypes Frank Monteleone, Houston Community College—Southwest Teaching Notes for “Dire Straights?” |
This case study is a fictional account of a romantic interlude wherein a secret as to the gender history of one of the characters is revealed. The case is intended to offer students a greater understanding of gendered culture and to discuss diversity issues. Students are also introduced to the possible scientific basis for “transgenderedness” and ultimately transsexualism. The case was developed for a community college level introductory cultural anthropology class, but could also be used in introductory gender classes or in courses where diversity issues may arise, such as in some sociology classes. |
| The Case of Desiree’s Baby: The Genetics and Evolution of Human Skin Color Patricia Schneider, Queensborough Community College Teaching Notes for “The Case of Desiree’s Baby” |
This case is based on Kate Chopin’s short story “Desiree’s Baby,” a tragic tale of race and gender in antebellum Louisiana first published in 1893. Students read the story and then answer a series of questions about the genetics and evolution of skin color. The case was developed for a general biology course organized around the general theme of evolution. It could also be used in anthropology and biology courses for non-majors. |
| The
Missing Link Elizabeth Strasser, California State University, Sacramento Teaching Notes for “The Missing Link” |
The setting for this case study is a paleontological dig in East Africa, where Sam, an American undergraduate student, has unearthed part of what appears to be an ancestral human skull. In the lab, students examine a number of primate skulls and are asked to make up a phylogeny based on their observations. |
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Of Mammoths and Men: A Case Study in Extinction Nancy A. Schiller, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Of Mammoths and Men” |
The recent discovery of a mammoth frozen in the Siberian tundra is the backdrop for this case study, which explores the various theories for the extinction of the great Ice Age mammals and Homo neanderthalensis. Students research evidence for and against the different hypotheses and then discuss in class the merits of each. |
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The Dating Game: A Case Study in Human Evolution Shoshana Tobias, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “The Dating Game” |
In this role-playing case study, students attempt to determine the identity of a variety of human fossils based on characteristics described during a “quiz show.” |
Astronomy |
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The Zarkah Stone: The Park Forest Meteorite Case Teresa M. Schulz, Lansing Community College Teaching Notes for “The Zarkah Stone” |
On the night of March 26, 2003, a brilliant fireball exploded and fragmented over south suburban Chicago, hammering houses and sidewalks with meteorites. Many people witnessed the event and collected the precious stones. This is the story about the meteorite that smashed through the roof and into the lives of the Zarkah family. Appropriate for an introductory astronomy or planetary science course, the case explores the physical and chemical characteristics of different types of meteorites as well as their different origins, in addition to the fascination and value they hold for the scientific community and collectors. |
| Mask of the Black God: The Pleiades in Navajo Cosmology Teresa M. Schulz, Lansing Community College Teaching Notes for “Mask of the Black God” |
One Navajo legend attributes the creation of the primary stars and constellations to Black God. Today, a famous star cluster the Pleiades often appears on the traditional mask worn by chanters impersonating Black God during special ceremonies. In this case study, students learn about the Pleiades in Navajo cosmology while honing their observational and star map skills. |
| A Rose By Any Other Name: The Peculiar Case of Pluto Teresa M. Schulz, Lansing Community College Teaching Notes for “A Rose By Any Other Name” |
This dilemma case study, developed for a general astronomy course, provides an introduction to our solar system by highlighting the peculiarities of Pluto. The main character, Dr. Maria Ocasio, is the chair of the Committee on Small Body Nomenclature of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), the organization charged with assigning permanent names to asteroids and comets. Dr. Ocasio, after reviewing the scientific facts and historical background on Pluto, is faced with the dilemma of deciding “What is Pluto” by answering the question What is a planet. |
| A Googol of Atoms? Stephen J. Shawl, University of Kansas Teaching Notes for “A Googol of Atoms?” |
This directed case in estimation and very large numbers was written for a college-level introductory astronomy course although it could also be used in a variety of other courses in chemistry, planetary science, biology, and mathematics. |
Atmospheric Science / Meteorology |
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| In the Eye of the Storm: A Case Study in Natural Disasters Rachael A. Lancor, University of Wisconsin—Madison Teaching Notes for “In the Eye of the Storm” |
This case study of Hurricane Katrina chronicles a college student’s adventures with the Hurricane Hunters, a group of people from the Air Force Reserve who fly into the middle of hurricanes to collect atmospheric data for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Students learn how to predict the path of the hurricane using satellite images and about physics concepts involved in hurricane formation, such as fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. Students also explore societal issues surrounding natural disasters. This case is intended for an introductory physics course, but has also been used for related courses, such as environmental geology. |
| Cancel the Cardinals Home Opener?!?
Lessons in Melting and Evaporation Patrick S. Market, University of Missouri-Columbia Teaching Notes for “Cancel the Cardinals Home Opener?!?” |
The St. Louis Cardinals are scheduled to play their home opener the next day and Megan Riley, a young meterologist who works for a private weather consulting firm, is responsible for developing the weather forecast. It’s starting to look like she may need to change her current forecast for rain to snow as much as one-half foot. Students work in small groups to analyze information presented in each part of this multi-part case and are asked to update their forecast: keep it as rain, or revise it to snow. |
Chemistry / Biochemistry |
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Gas Cylinders and Safety: A Case Study in Chemistry Melinda Box, Wake Technical Community College Teaching Notes for “Gas Cylinders and Safety” |
This case study, developed for an introductory chemistry as part of a two-year dental hygiene curriculum, teaches students how to apply gas properties and gas storage identification systems to identify a mishandled or mislabeled gas cylinder. |
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Kermit to Kermette?
Does the Herbicide Atrazine Feminize Male Frogs? Frank J. Dinan, Canisius College Teaching Notes for “Kermit to Kermette?” |
This case study explores the unintended side effects of chemicals introduced into the environment, specifically organic compounds that can act as environmental estrogens, i.e., chemical castration agents that can interfere with the sexual development of embryonic males. The case was developed for a non-majors chemistry course and focuses on the science that underlies the controversy surrounding the sale of the herbicide atrazine in the U.S., together with the political and economic issues that impact this science. |
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Burning Down the House: A Case Study in Forensic Instrumental Analysis Adam M. Boyd and Randolph K. Larsen III, St. Marys College of Maryland Teaching Notes for “Burning Down the House” |
In this lab-based case, arson investigator Marie Stanforth comes under suspicion when her ex-husband dies in a fire. Students read the case and then, in the role of forensic chemists working for the FBI, analyze charred samples recovered from the crime scene as well as a clothing swatch taken from the principal suspect, comparing what they find in the samples to accelerant standards whose spectra are already known. Once they have determined whether or not the fire was arson, they must then determine if the allegations against Marie are credible. This case study was designed for an instrumental methods course, but could also be adapted for a non-science major course. |
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Biological Terrorism: The Anthrax Scare of 2001 Kathleen A. Cornely, Providence College Teaching Notes for “Biological Terrorism” |
In the weeks following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, anthrax-laced envelopes were mailed to individuals in government and the news media by an as-yet-unidentified bioterrorist. Thousands were treated for exposure, and five people were killed. At the same time, scientists solved the last remaining pieces of the anthrax puzzle, and the mechanism of infection of the anthrax toxin is now well understood. Developed for a second-semester biochemistry course, this case presents students with a wealth of biochemical, microbiological, and immunological material to analyze while exploring important societal issues related to national preparedness against bioterrorist attacks, funding for biodefense research, and the use and misuse of antibiotic therapy. |
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A Can of Bull? Do Energy Drinks Really Provide a Source of Energy? Merle Heidemann and Gerald Urquhart, Michigan State University Teaching Notes for “A Can of Bull?” |
This case study, which is based on a biochemical analysis of the components of energy drinks, is designed for students at various levels to learn about large biomolecules, nutrition, and product analysis. Students are asked to analyze several popular energy drinks on the market, which many students purchase at fairly high prices, and determine whether these products nutritionally match their marketing claims. The case can be used as a review of basic biochemistry and nutrition for upper level students in physiology, biochemistry, or nutrition courses, or to introduce this information in introductory level courses in these disciplines. |
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PCBs in the Last Frontier: A Case Study on the Scientific Method Michael Tessmer, Southwestern College Teaching Notes for “PCBs in the Last Frontier” |
This interrupted case study is based on current research involving the global transport of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Students are asked to propose several hypotheses and experiments in an attempt to determine how PCBs are transferred globally. As the case unfolds, it becomes clear that the transport mechanism is more complicated than scientists first thought. The case requires minimal background knowledge and is suitable for both major and non-major courses in biology, chemistry, and environmental science. |
| An Adventure in Stereochemistry:
Alice in Mirror Image Land Frank J. Dinan, Canisius College, and Gordon T. Yee, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Teaching Notes for “An Adventure in Stereochemistry” |
This case study is based on an article that considered the problems that would arise if a person were to cross over into a mirror-image environment. Some of the stereochemistry problems posed in the original article are woven into this tale of a drowsy undergraduate studying for an exam in organic chemistry who finds herself in a place where spearmint gum tastes like caraway seed. |
| Accidental Drowning or Foul Play?
Monika Konaklieva, American University Teaching Notes for “Accidental Drowning or Foul Play?” |
This case was developed for use in the first semester of a sophomore organic chemistry laboratory to illustrate how a combination of techniques is usually required in the identification of chemical compounds. It involves a murder mystery with a forensic twist. Students are told that two bodies have recently been recovered from two different lakes. Due to a mix-up at the morgue, the coroners office is unable to determine which body came from which lake. The students task is to develop a methodology to solve this mystery as well as determine whether the deaths were the result of murder or mishap. |
| The Case of the Tainted Taco Shells - General Edition The Case of the Tainted Taco Shells - Advanced Edition Ann Taylor, Wabash College Teaching Notes for “The Case of the ‘Tainted’ Taco Shells” |
This case discusses some of the issues associated with the use of genetically modified plants, including ecological risks, resistance, and allergenicity. The General Edition emphasizes the basic biochemistry and scientific ethics issues associated with genetically modified foods. The Advanced Edition probes the same issues but includes more advanced questions regarding the biochemistry of how genetically modified plants work. |
| Bilirubin: E-/Z-, But Not Easy Frank J. Dinan, Canisius College Teaching Notes for “Bilirubin: E-/Z-, But Not Easy” |
In this case, two students meet a professor who surprises them by telling them that a biochemically important molecule’s structure has been incorrectly represented in the published literature - in an article in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a major biochemistry textbook, and even The Merck Index. The students are challenged to find the nature of the structural errors and correct them. In addition to demonstrating that the technical literature is not without its flaws, the case reviews important concepts related to geometric isomerism and tautomerism. |
| A Rigorous Investigation Claudia Bode, University of Kansas, and Allison Jablonski, Lynchburg College Teaching Notes for “A Rigorous Investigation” |
In this case study, students investigate the cause of death in an incident that occurs late at night in a research lab. The goal of this directed case study is to make the abstract concepts involved in cellular respiration more accessible to students. Developed for an introductory biology class, the case could easily be adapted for a more advanced biochemistry class. |
| Thiamin Deficiency: A Directed Case Study Preeti Dhar, SUNY New Paltz Teaching Notes for “Thiamin Deficiency” |
In this directed case study developed for a biochemistry class, students read about the differences in the dietary preferences and practices for preparing and consuming rice among the three major communities of Malaysia—the local Malays and the immigrant Tamils and Chinese—and then answer a series of close-ended questions about the causes and consequences of thiamin deficiency. |
| The Chemistry of Cooley’s Anemia Christopher T. Bailey, Wells College, and Mohammad Mahroof-Tahir, St. Cloud State University Teaching Notes for “The Chemistry of Cooley’s Anemia” |
In this case, two young parents learn that their child is suffering from the genetic disorder thalassemia. Treatment requires a lifetime commitment to whole blood transfusion and chelation therapy, both of which must be administered on a daily to weekly basis. Students read the case, answer a series of questions, and then decide how they would treat the child if they were the parents. The case was developed to introduce students to the role of metal ions and coordination chemistry in biological systems, and would be appropriate for courses in biochemistry, molecular biology, bioinorganic chemistry, and bioethics, among others. |
| Thinking Inside the Box Christopher T. Bailey, Wells College Teaching Notes for “Thinking Inside the Box” |
In this particular take on the classic “Black Box Experiment,” students working in groups are given sealed boxes containing objects that they must make indirect observations about and then report their observations to the class in a simulated conference setting. An effective lead-in exercise to a discussion of the scientific method, it can also be used in a general chemistry course to teach students about atomic structure and how experimental evidence can be used to infer structure. |
| As Light Meets Matter—Art Under Scrutiny Eleonora Del Federico, Pratt Institute, Steven Diver, University at Buffalo, Monika Konaklieva, American University, and Richard Ludescher, Rutgers University Teaching Notes for “As Light Meets Matter” |
In this dilemma case, the central character, a museum curator, must decide whether or not to show a painting as a hitherto “undiscovered” Cezanne. The stylistic analysis suggests it is for real, but data obtained using different spectroscopic techniques is inconclusive. Students study the data and then make a decision as to whether they believe the painting is authentic or a fake. Written for a general chemistry course for non-majors, the case could be used in a variety of other courses including general chemistry for science majors, introduction to spectroscopy, instrumental analysis, and conservation science. It could also be adapted for use in other non-majors science courses, with the focus of discussion on how scientific data can be used to authenticate or de-authenticate a work of art. |
| The Van Deemter Equation: A Three-Act Play Christa Colyer, Wake Forest University Teaching Notes for “The Van Deemter Equation” |
This three-act play, developed for a upper-level undergraduate instrumental analysis course, actively engages students in an understanding of the abstract, and for many students, difficult to grasp concepts of the van Deemter equation, important in the field of chemical separations. Students play the roles of stationary and mobile phases and solute molecules and are asked to consider a series of questions that explore the reasons for their actions. |
| Is a Mars Sample Return Mission Too Risky? Troy D. Wood, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Is a Mars Sample Return Mission Too Risky” |
Following a public hearing format, this case study allows students to explore the scientific and public policy issues surrounding the advisability of a return mission to Mars for further sampling and, more generally, the question of whether or not there is life on that planet. The case was developed for a non-science majors course called “Great Discoveries in Science” and serves to illustrate the scientific method and the importance of interdisciplinary efforts in scientific research. |
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To Spray or Not to Spray: A Debate Over Malaria and DDT Frank J. Dinan and Joseph F. Bieron, Canisius College Teaching Notes for “To Spray or Not To Spray” |
In this case study, students grapple with the complex issues surrounding the use of DDT to control malaria. In their examination of the issue, students consider risk/benefit analysis and the precautionary principle, two techniques used when making policy decisions involving the impact of science and technology on society. |
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Filthy Lucre: A Case Study Involving the Chemical Detection of Cocaine-Contaminated
Currency Ed Acheson, Millikin University Teaching Notes for “Filthy Lucre” |
This case uses a lawsuit involving the contamination of paper currency with cocaine to introduce students to experimental design, sampling, and the interpretation of scientific data. The case includes lab work involving the use of GC/MS techniques and instrumentation. |
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Should Bill Buy “Sammy”? A Case Study Introducing Basic
Chemistry Concepts Jessie W. Klein, Middlesex Community College Teaching Notes for “Should Bill Buy ‘Sammy’?” |
Students are shown the relevance of chemistry in daily decision-making by taking a look at the popular dietary supplement, s-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), which is widely used in Europe for depression, arthritis, and liver disease and is now available in the United States. |
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Baffled by the Baby Bottle: A Case Study in Chemistry Michael A. Jeannot, St. Cloud State University Teaching Notes for “Baffled by the Baby Bottle” |
This dilemma case uses an article about the safety of polycarbonate baby bottles to develop critical thinking and reasoning skills and acquaint students with the fundamentals of polymer chemistry. |
| Avogadro
Goes to Court Joseph F. Bieron and Frank J. Dinan, Canisius College Teaching Notes for “Avogadro Goes to Court” |
This case study was inspired by a successful lawsuit brought by students against a professor at Pace University who had assigned them the task of calculating the cost of a single aluminum atom in a roll of aluminum foil. The case deals with the concepts of Avogadro’s number and the mole, and so would be relevant to nearly all introductory level science courses. |
| The
Benign Hamburger Graham Peaslee, Hope College, Juliette Lantz, Siena College, and Mary M. Walczak, St. Olaf College Teaching Notes for “The Benign Hamburger” |
In this dilemma case study, in which a restaurant chain must decide whether to use irradiated beef to protect its customers from E. coli, students are introduced to nuclear applications aside from those involving nuclear power generation and weapons. |
| Alien
Evolution: The Return of the Cambrian Explosion Shoshana Tobias, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Alien Evolution” |
In this case, which combines problem-based learning and role-playing, students research the environmental conditions of the Cambrian period and the types of organisms that developed during that time as they speculate about possible cases for the “Cambrian Explosion." |
| The
Petition: A Global Warming Case Study Bruce Allen and Clyde F. Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “The Petition” |
The goal of this dilemma case study is to teach students about the various aspects of global warming. Students read graphs and interpret data, and consider the political, economic, and ethical issues surrounding the controversy. |
Computer Science |
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| March 7, 2017: The Day the Microprocessors Died Sohum Sohoni, Oklahoma State University, and Matt Reiten, GMA Industries, Inc. Teaching Notes for “March 7, 2017” |
Originally designed for a junior level introductory course for computer engineering students, this icebreaker case study illustrates our increasing reliance on technology, particularly highlighting the importance and ubiquity of microprocessors. The discussion involves a number of new technologies and lays the groundwork for future discussions on good system design and integration of secure processors for embedded systems. The story describes a failure of a central system (much like the Internet of today) that occurs in the future, with some degree of mystery as to the cause. |
| A Walk Through Mike’s Code: A Case Study in Software Technical Reviews David R. Luginbuhl, Western Carolina University Teaching Notes for “A Walk Through Mike’s Code” |
This case introduces the concept of a software review. The central character, a programmer named Mike, thinks he—and not his code—is the focus of the review. The lead reviewers, Beverly and Paul, are programmers responsible for developing other parts of the program, and it quickly becomes apparent that there are professional and personal issues at play. Developed for an upper division software engineering course, the case reinforces the idea that software engineering is about teamwork while teaching students about unit-level software verification and validation. |
| To Test or Not to Test the Software: A Case Study on Ethics in Computing
Junaid Ahmed Zubairi, SUNY at Fredonia Teaching Notes for “To Test ot Not to Test the Software” |
In 1991 faulty computer instructions caused a massive shutdown of phone systems in several major cities in the U.S. including Washington DC, Pittsburgh, Los Angeles, and San Francisco. The instructions were part of a revised version of software that was not tested fully because the changes were considered too small. Developed as part of the ethics module for a computer science course for non-majors, this case emphasizes good software development techniques including full compliance with the rules. |
Ecology / Environment |
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| Disappearing Marine Iguanas: A Case of Population Collapse Conrad Toepfer, Brescia University Teaching Notes for “Disappearing Marine Iguanas” |
In this interrupted case study students apply the scientific method to probe possible reasons behind declining marine iguana populations in the Galápagos Islands. Initially students are given rudimentary information and encouraged to generate wide-ranging hypotheses. Students are then given further information to help them refine their initial hypotheses into single, testable statements. As the case progresses, students shift to an examination of experimental methods and data interpretation. Over the course of the case, they utilize both inductive and deductive reasoning in developing their conclusions about the factors influencing marine iguana populations. |
| The Case of the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker: The Scientific Process and How It Relates to Everyday Life Kathrin Stanger-Hall, University of Georgia at Athens, Jennifer Merriam, SUNY Orange, and Ruth Ann Greuling, Northern New Mexico College Teaching Notes for “The Case of the Ivory-Billed Woodpecker” |
Based on the disputed rediscovery of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker in April 2005, this interrupted case study tells the story of Brad Murky, a student and research assistant who must decide whether the current evidence is sufficient for him to accept the bird’s existence. Brad and his sister debate the issue through a series of emails leaving him to wonder whether the press conference to announce the rediscovery of the bird was scheduled in haste. Designed for an introductory biology course, this case would also work well in an ecology, environmental science, ornithology or science and society course. |
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The Art of a Deal: A Kyoto Protocol Simulation Richard Cowlishaw, Southwestern College, Charles Hunter, Southwestern College, Jason Coy, College of Charleston, and Michael Tessmer, Southwestern College Teaching Notes for “The Art of a Deal” |
This case is a classroom simulation of the types of negotiations that went into the Kyoto Protocol agreement on limiting global greenhouse gas emissions. It was developed for an environmental science course for first-year college students with minimal science backgrounds. Groups of students represent various developed and developing countries as they negotiate an agreement to limit greenhouse gas emissions. One of the main objectives is to show that a global problem requires a global solution, but this can be difficult when confounded by national interests. This objective makes the case potentially appropriate for other courses that deal with conflict resolution such as public policy courses, international relations, and certain business courses. |
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Ecotourism: Who Benefits? Linda Markowitz and Cathy Santanello, Southern IL University Edwardsville Teaching Notes for “Ecotourism” |
In this interrupted case, students assess ecotourism in Costa Rica by considering the viewpoints of a displaced land owner, banana plantation worker, environmentalist, state official, U.S. trade representative, and national park employee. Working in small groups, students evaluate the scenario and develop a strategy that can provide balance between the protagonists of the case and the delicate ecosystem. The case was developed for a study abroad course in Costa Rica but could be applied to traditional courses in sociology, international business, political science, bioethics, or public administration and policy analysis. |
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On a Wing and a Prayer: A Wetland Mitigation Dilemma Susan M. Galatowitsch and Barbara A. Peichel, University of Minnesota Teaching Notes for “On a Wing and a Prayer” |
The essential elements of this dilemma case are based on a real mitigation problem. A biologist with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has to decide whether to improve a wetland adversely impacted by toxins or restore another site instead. He is relying on the collective judgment of an interagency team. Working in small groups, students weigh the potential risks and opportunities of each site, and make a decision as to which has the better chance to succeed at mitigating the damage. The case was developed for advanced courses in restoration ecology, conservation biology, and wetland ecology, but also works well in an introductory environmental science course. |
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Marketing Mostly Intangible Goods:
The Case of Botanical Gardens and Arboreta Jorge A. Santiago-Blay, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Teaching Notes for “Marketing Mostly Intangible Goods” |
This case study illustrates some of the common social and economic problems facing botanical gardens and arboreta today. The case describes a conversation between Angie and Suzie, two long-time staff members at an unnamed botanical garden. The women are discussing the economic difficulties the garden is experiencing. Like so many others, this botanical garden has been losing funds. Students read the case and in small groups discuss the value of botanical gardens and arboreta as well as their mission and operation. They then prepare an oral presentation as well as a written outline of a grant proposal seeking economic support for a botanical garden or arboretum of their choosing. |
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Kermit to Kermette?
Does the Herbicide Atrazine Feminize Male Frogs? Frank J. Dinan, Canisius College Teaching Notes for “Kermit to Kermette?” |
This case study explores the unintended side effects of chemicals introduced into the environment, specifically organic compounds that can act as environmental estrogens, i.e., chemical castration agents that can interfere with the sexual development of embryonic males. The case was developed for a non-majors chemistry course and focuses on the science that underlies the controversy surrounding the sale of the herbicide atrazine in the U.S., together with the political and economic issues that impact this science. |
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Can Suminoe Oysters Save Chesapeake Bay? Valerie Nieman, North Carolina A&T State University, and Zhi-Jun Liu, University of North Carolina–Greensboro Teaching Notes for “Can Suminoe Oysters Save Chesapeake Bay?” |
This dilemma case explores the controversy associated with introducing non-native oysters to the Chesapeake Bay as a means of improving its ecological and economic health. Developed for use in an interdisciplinary doctoral program in Energy and Environmental Studies, it could be adapted for undergraduate courses ranging from ecology to biology to political science to geography. The case introduces students to the various stakeholders and their positions from the point of view of a senator who must cast the deciding vote on whether or not to introduce Suminoe oysters (Crassostrea ariakensis) into the bay. Students read the case, then work in small groups to develop a stakeholder position, which they later role-play in class in a simulated public hearing. |
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Living Downstream: Atrazine and Coliform Bacteria Effects on Water Quality—A Debate Case Thomas A. Davis, Loras College Teaching Notes for “Living Downstream” |
In this case, developed for a course in Issues in Environmental Biology, students learn that water samples collected from a local river show elevated levels of fecal bacteria and atrazine, one of the most commonly used herbicides in the U.S. The river flows through a farm. A hearing has been called by the county to investigate the cause of the contamination, its possible effects on aquatic life in the river, and what can be done to prevent a recurrence. In the ensuing debate, students must analyze and interpret data as they present the viewpoints of various stakeholders, ranging from the landowners right to apply atrazine to control weeds to the responsibility of fisheries biologists and water quality specialists to protect the environment. |
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Oak Clearcutting: To Cut or Not to Cut? A Debate Case Thomas A. Davis, Loras College Teaching Notes for “Oak Clearcutting” |
The topic of this debate case, developed for a course in “Issues in Environmental Biology,” is clearcutting, a controversial method of harvesting and regenerating trees in which all trees are cleared from a site. Students debate the issue, assuming the roles of various stakeholders including landowners, loggers, state foresters, soil conservation specialists, deer control specialists, and tree farm owners. After the debate, each student in the class must write an opinion paper on whether to clearcut or not and give reasons that support their decision. |
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But It’s Just a Bottle of Water... Lindsey May, Jessica Kotke, and Charles R. Bomar, University of Wisconsin–Stout Teaching Notes for “But It’s Just a Bottle of Water...” |
Designed for an introductory non-majors environmental science course, this case explores the environmental effects associated with the production, consumption, and recycling of bottled water. In addition, students learn about state and federal regulations associated with the extraction of ground water and its potential impact on the environment, identify potential safety hazards with drinking water, both chemical and biological; become aware of the mosaic of state recycling laws that exist and how states circumvent the recycling process; and examine the economic and ecological costs of drinking bottled water. |
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Rising Temperatures, Differing Viewpoints: A Case Study on the Politics of Information Christopher Hollister, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Rising Temperatures, Differing Viewpoints” |
In this case students work in small groups to analyze and critically evaluate the often political nature of news stories. The case was developed from two newspaper articles published in different newspapers New York Times and Wall Street Journal about the release of an Environmental Protection Agency report on the state of the environment. While the New York Times article discusses White House editing of the report, which eliminated several references to the causes and dangers of global warming, the Wall Street Journal article focuses more on the reports evidence of environmental improvements. The case was developed for an undergraduate information literacy course. Its subject matter also makes it suitable for use in undergraduate level courses in environmental studies, journalism, or political science. |
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Pesticides: Can We Do Without Them? Laurie A. Parendes, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, and Scott H. Burris, University of Missouri–Columbia Teaching Notes for “Pesticides” |
By simulating a public hearing, this case study requires that students sift through and organize information on pesticide use presented to them from the perspective of different stakeholders. The case asks a fundamental question Can we do without pesticides? and gives students an opportunity to explore the ecological, ethical, economic, social, and political issues surrounding that question. Developed for an environmental issues course, the case would be appropriate for any introductory course that addresses human-environment interactions. |
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PCBs in the Last Frontier: A Case Study on the Scientific Method Michael Tessmer, Southwestern College Teaching Notes for “PCBs in the Last Frontier” |
This interrupted case study is based on current research involving the global transport of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Students are asked to propose several hypotheses and experiments in an attempt to determine how PCBs are transferred globally. As the case unfolds, it becomes clear that the transport mechanism is more complicated than scientists first thought. The case requires minimal background knowledge and is suitable for major and non-major courses in biology, chemistry, and environmental science. |
| On a Clear Day You Can See Forever David W. Kelley, University of St. Thomas, and Rebecca Helgesen, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Teaching Notes for “On a Clear Day You Can See Forever” |
In this case, developed for an introductory environmental studies course, students grapple with the issue of air pollution, specifically the causes and effects of haze and smog as ubiquitous, persistent air quality problems that plague urban and rural areas alike. In analyzing local conditions in Minnesota, students explore the wider environmental, political, social, and human health implications of air pollution. |
| My Brothers Keeper: A Case Study in Evolutionary Biology and Animal Behavior
Kari Benson, Lynchburg College Teaching Notes for “My Brother’s Keeper” |
In this interrupted case, students work in teams to interpret behavioral data with respect to evolutionary biology, specifically the behavior of alarm calling in a certain type of ground squirrel, which was first reported by Paul Sherman in Science in 1977. The case is appropriate for use in animal behavior, ecology, evolutionary biology, or introductory biology courses. |
| Is Guaiacum sanctum Effective Against Arthritis?
An Ethnobotany Case Eric Ribbens, Barbra Burdett, and Angela Green, Western Illinois University Teaching Notes for “Is Guaiacum sanctum Effective” |
Dr. Beth Tonoany, a tropical population ecologist, is studying an unusual tree, Guaiacum sanctum, in the tropical forests of Central America. Interestingly, several local Ticos have told her that they use the tree for medicinal purposes. Students read the case and then answer questions designed to explore the process of screening and testing the medicinal value of plants identified as having potential health benefits. |
| The Fish Kill Mystery Erica F. Kosal, North Carolina Wesleyan College Teaching Notes for “The Fish Kill Mystery” |
In this case, students speculate on what may have caused a major fish kill in an estuary in North Carolina. In the process they explore how land runoff and excess nutrients affect aquatic communities and learn about the complex life cycle of the dinoflagellate Pfiesteria. The case is appropriate for an introductory environmental science course, a general biology course that covers ecology, or a general zoology course. |
| Cancer Cure or Conservation Pauline A. Lizotte, Valencia Community College, and Gretchen E. Knapp, Illinois State University Teaching Notes for “Cancer Cure or Conservation” |
This case is based on the controversies surrounding harvesting of the Pacific yew from 1989 to 1997 to develop paclitaxel (Taxol), a revolutionary anti-cancer drug. The case was designed to expose students to basic conservation biology concepts by examining competing needs among scientists and other stakeholders in a real-life science-and-society scenario. Developed for a undergraduate introductory biology course for non-majors, the case could also be used in an environmental science course or in a course on the impact of science and technology on society. |
| First in Flight, Last in Wetlands Preservation? John Petersen and Nancy London, Oberlin College Teaching Notes for “First in Flight, Last in Wetlands Preservation?” |
Developed for an introductory environmental studies course, this case study explores the ecological, economic, and legislative issues associated with land development and wetland loss. Students role-play the points of view of four different stakeholders and then write a report that provides specific recommendations for the mayor of a city considering an expansion of the metropolitan airport that will result in the loss of wetlands. |
| Improving on Nature? Dennis Kingery, Metropolitan Community College Teaching Notes for “Improving on Nature?” |
In 1958, black bass were introduced into Lake Atitlan in the highlands of western Guatemala as a way to attract tourism and boost the local economy, but unforeseen complications resulted in an ecological disaster. Developed for an introductory course in biology, this case study first casts students in the role of the local population at that time and asks them to judge the proposal to introduce the new species of fish. The students then review the ensuing events from a historical perspective based on additional information they receive from the instructor in a progressive disclosure format. |
| Rabbit Calicivirus Disease: Magic Bullet or Pandora’s Box? A Case Study on Biological Controls Gary M. Fortier, Delaware Valley College Teaching Notes for “Rabbit Calicivirus Disease” |
The characters in this dilemma case, representing the scientific community and government, must make a decision about whether or not to release a virulent pathogen into the environment in order to control the rapidly expanding population of European rabbits in New Zealand. As they work through the case, students grapple with the complex issues associated with introduced species and biological controls. |
| Fecal Coliforms in Antarctica Stephen Nold, University of Wisconsin-Stout Teaching Notes for “Fecal Coliforms in Antarctica” |
In this interrupted case study, students explore the environmental consequences of Antarctic research as they design experiments to assess the impact of disposing untreated sewage from a research station into the ocean. Students review experimental methods to measure coliform bacteria, examine data, and decide what actions, if any, should be taken. Developed for a general microbiology course, the case could also be used in non-majors courses in science literacy, in which case the instructor would emphasize the process of data collection and analysis. |
| Watch Your Step: Understanding the Impact of Your Personal Consumption on the Environment Philip Camill, Carleton College Teaching Notes for “Watch Your Step” |
This case makes use of the concept of the “ecological footprint," developed by Wackernagel and colleagues to quantify the amount of land area required to sustain the lifestyle of a population of any size. Students calculate their consumption of energy and materials to determine their personal ecological footprint and in the process learn about concepts of sustainability, ecological efficiency, and energy flow up food chains as well as the moral and ethical dimensions of how our lifestyles impact the Earth. The case includes an Excel spreadsheet for students to track their personal consumption of resources. Developed for an introductory biology course, the case could aalso be used in upper level courses such as ecology, conservation biology, evolution, diversity, and the biology of social issues, or in a non-majors biology course. |
| Threats to Biodiversity: A Case Study of Hawaiian Birds Sarah K. Huber, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, and Paula P. Lemons, Duke University Teaching Notes for “Threats to Biodiversity” |
This case study analyzes the impact of introduced species on the bird populations of Hawaii. Students learn about what makes a certain introduced species more likely than another to become established in a new area; how introduced species can directly and indirectly affect endemic species; and why certain endemic species are particularly vulnerable to introduced species. Developed for an introductory biology course, the case could also be used in in upper level courses such as ecology, conservation biology, evolution, diversity, and the biology of social issues, or in a non-majors biology course. |
| The River Dammed: The Proposed Removal of the Lower Snake River Dams Alan Paul Price, University of Wisconsin–Washington County Teaching Notes for “The River Dammed” |
In this dilemma case, Congresswoman Madeline Gibson must cast her vote on the fate of the lower Snake River dams. The stakeholders in this decision represent government agencies, small businesses, large industries, farmers, local tribes, environmentalists, and sports fishermen, and include among them many of her own family members. The case illustrates the conflicts that can arise when environmental concerns force people to reconsider long-standing policies with significant benefits and often entrenched supporters. Developed for an introductory-level environmental geology course, the case could also be used in environmental as well as biology courses. |
| Search for the Missing Sea Otters: An Ecological Detective Story Mary E. Allen and Mark L. Kuhlmann, Hartwick College Teaching Notes for “Search for the Missing Sea Otters” |
Using a progressive disclosure format, this case study teaches students how to apply ecological principles to a real-life ecological problem--the decline in sea otter populations in Alaska. Students interpret data from graphs and tables and practice developing testable hypotheses as they work in groups to solve the mystery of the “missing” sea otters. |
| The Effects of Coyote Removal in Texas: A Case Study in Conservation Biology
Margaret Carroll, Framingham State College Teaching Notes for “The Effects of Coyote Removal in Texas” |
This interrupted case study presents published data on the effect of coyote removal in Texas. It was designed to help students in introductory level biology courses understand trophic level relationships and the role of keystone species. Students interpret data presented graphically and predict how changes at one trophic level may affect populations and communities at other trophic levels. |
| Exotics Darlene Panvini, Vanderbilt University Teaching Notes for “Exotics” |
This case examines the biological, ecological, social, political, and economic factors surrounding exotic species as well as the role of resource managers in shaping public policy on environmental issues. In addition to conservation ecology courses, this case would be appropriate for a non-majors science course, a bioethics course, or a majors biology course such as ecology. |
| Eating
PCBs from Lake Ontario: Is There an Effect or Not? A News Release Case Eric Ribbens, Western Illinois University Teaching Notes for “Eating PCBs from Lake Ontario” |
This case is based on an actual news release reporting on research into the effects of eating Lake Ontario fish contaminated with PCBs. Developed to teach students about statistical analysis and experimental design, the case has been used in a senior-level biostatistics course as well as part of a one-week survey of statistics for a biological methods course. The case could also be used as a component of a course examining how the media reports science or in a course examining the effects of environmental contaminants. |
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To Spray or Not to Spray: A Debate Over Malaria and DDT Frank J. Dinan and Joseph F. Bieron, Canisius College Teaching Notes for “To Spray or Not To Spray” |
In this case study, students grapple with the complex issues surrounding the use of DDT to control malaria. In their examination of the issue, students consider risk/benefit analysis and the precautionary principle, two techniques used when making policy decisions involving the impact of science and technology on society. |
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Too Many Deer! A Case Study in Managing Urban Deer Herds Eric Ribbens, Western Illinois University Teaching Notes for “Too Many Deer!” |
A town meeting is the setting for this role-playing case study in which students explore the topics of overpopulation, bioethics, and management of urban wildlife. |
| Breathing
Easy About New Air Pollution Standards Kathryn Rowberg, Purdue University Calumet Teaching Notes for “Breathing Easy About New Air Pollution Standards” |
A town meeting is the backdrop for a role-playing case about ground-level ozone air pollution. The case consists of a flier and scripts drawn from public comment records on the current government mandate to reduce ground-level ozone by limiting nitrogen oxide emissions. Students play the parts of stakeholders and develop recommendations for reducing emissions. |
| Is
Iron Fertilization Good for the Sea? LeLeng To, Goucher College Teaching Notes for “Is Iron Fertilization Good for the Sea?” |
This case explores how human activities contribute to greenhouse effects and global warming and is appropriate for introductory biology, ecology, environmental biology, microbiology, and environmental microbiology classes as well as courses dealing with environmental policy. |
| Endangered?
The Scenic St. Croix River: A Case Study in Water Stewardship Pamela Locke Davis, University of Minnesota Teaching Notes for “Endangered? The Scenic St. Croix River” |
Controversy over management of the St. Croix River is the setting for this case study, which illustrates water resource concepts and the difficulties that can arise when making decisions about natural resources. |
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The Deforestation of the Amazon: A Case Study in Understanding Ecosystems
and Their Value Phil Camill, Carleton College Teaching Notes for “The Deforestation of the Amazon” |
In this case, students examine tropical deforestation in the Amazon from the perspective of three dominant stakeholders in the region: a peasant farmer, a logger, and an environmentalist. As part of the exercise, students perform a cost-benefit analysis of clearing a plot of tropical forest in the Amazon from the perspective of one of these stakeholder groups. Developed for a course in global change biology, this case could also be used in courses on general ecology, environmental science, environmental ethics, environmental policy, and environmental/ecological economics. |
| The
Galapagos Nancy A. Schiller and Clyde F. Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “The Galapagos” |
Using problem-based learning and role-playing, students analyze the geological origins of the Galapagos Islands, their colonization, species formation, and threats to their biodiversity in this story of a graduate student caught between local fishermen and government officials fighting for control of the islands natural resources. |
| Salton,
A Sea of Controversy Kristin B. Vessey, Bowling Green State University Teaching Notes for “Salton, A Sea of Controversy” |
The Salton Sea is an “accidental” lake that receives used irrigation water from the Colorado River. Humans have profoundly altered the area’s ecosystems. The sea is important for wildlife and recreation but is now saltier than the ocean. How might it be saved? This case examines the Salton Sea’s problems and uncertain future. |
| The
Bear Facts: Grizzly Recovery in the Bitterroot Ecosystem Grace A. Wang, Pennsylvania State University Teaching Notes for “The Bear Facts” |
In this decision case, students consider the pros and cons of reintroducing grizzly bears into the northwestern United States as they learn about natural resource policy and the wildlife management decision-making process. |
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The Wolf, the Moose, and the Fir Tree: Who Controls Whom on Isle
Royale? A Case Study of Trophic Interactions Gary Fortier, Delaware Valley College Teaching Notes for “The Wolf, the Moose, and the Fir Tree” |
In this analysis case, students study predator-prey dynamics in the Isle Royale National Park ecosystem, drawing on data and findings reported in the scientific literature. |
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The Petition: A Global Warming Case Study Bruce Allen and Clyde F. Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “The Petition” |
The goal of this dilemma case study is to teach students about the various aspects of global warming. Students read graphs and interpret data, and consider the political, economic, and ethical issues surrounding the controversy. |
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Dialogues as Case Studies :
Endangered Species Act Student papers by Andrew Abramowitz and Helena Bokobza |
Students explore the issues surrounding the controversial Endangered Species Act in a series of “dialogue” papers over the issue of whether Atlantic Salmon in rivers in the State of Maine should be protected. |
Evolutionary Biology |
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| Chimpanzee Droppings Lead Scientists to Evolutionary Discovery Erica F. Kosal, North Carolina Wesleyan College Teaching Notes for “Chimpanzee Droppings Lead Scientists to Evolutionary Discovery” |
This interrupted case study focuses on the research of Dr. Beatrice Hahn, who investigates DNA sequences in chimpanzee droppings in order to explore the origins of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Students first consider the types of data that can be gained through collecting chimpanzee feces and studying the behavior of these animals. Students then apply this information to learn more about microevolution when they compare DNA sequences. Finally, students learn about ELISA tests and consider the role of basic and applied science. This case study is appropriate for an introductory biology course made up of non-majors, majors, or both. |
| And Now What, Ms. Ranger? The Search for the Intelligent Designer Clyde Freeman Herreid, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Teaching Notes for “And Now What, Ms. Ranger?” |
Intelligent Design (ID) continues to be a hot political and educational topic in some parts of the country. This discussion case study uses the dramatic setting of a public school board as it considers whether district science teachers should be made to read a statement to their classes identifying ID as a competing theory to evolution that is worthy of scientific consideration. The relevant statement is in fact the one that was at the center of the 2004 controversy in Dover, Pennsylvania. This case would be appropriate in general biology or advanced courses where the focus is on evolution. |
| Equal Time for Intelligent Design? An Intimate Debate Case Clyde Freeman Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Equal Time for Intelligent Design?” |
Whether Intelligent Design (ID) should be taught in a science classroom is a serious problem. This case study tackles the issue head-on by using intimate debate, a pedagogical structure in which small student groups are subdivided into opposing student pairs that take turns arguing each side of the issue. There is no audience for these concurrent mini-debates and the session concludes with groups reaching consensus. This case study would be appropriate in general biology or advanced courses where the focus is on evolution. |
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I’m Looking Over a White-Striped Clover: A Case of Natural Selection Susan Evarts, University of St. Thomas, Alison Krufka, Rowan University, and Chester Wilson, University of St. Thomas Teaching Notes for “I’m Looking Over a White-Striped Clover” |
This case is an exploration of the process of natural selection using white clover (Trifolium repens) as an example. In general, two forms of white clover can be found around the world in various habitats. One type is able to produce cyanide in its leaves, while the other is not. This variation within the clover species, along with the fact that cyanide production is paired with the production of a white stripe on the leaf, is used to teach the process of evolution through natural selection. Students use the scientific method to explore these concepts. As an introduction to evolutionary concepts in biology, the case would be appropriate for both high school and college biology courses. |
| The Story of Dinosaur Evolution Jeffrey Scott Coker and Jimmie D. Agnew, Elon University |
In this case, students write their own stories based on information taken from a review article by Paul Sereno on the evolution of dinosaurs in Science magazine. Students learn to distinguish between ornithischians, sauropodomorphs, and theropods on the basis of physical characteristics; trace the ancestry of individual dinosaur species from the common ancestor; interpret a complex evolutionary tree which includes extinctions, speciation events, and changes in the number of taxa over time; and write their own Story of Dinosaur Evolution. The case was designed for use in non-majors introductory science courses, but could be used in majors’ courses as well. |
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The Evolution of Creationism: Critically Appraising Intelligent Design Robin Pals-Rylaarsdam, Trinity Christian College Teaching Notes for “The Evolution of Creationism” |
This PBL-formatted case study about the claims and criticisms of “Intelligent Design” (ID) was written for freshman biology majors at a Christian liberal arts college. In light of recent developments in school districts and state education boards across the country, this case would also be useful for education majors. Students read about the actions of proponents of ID as they work for its inclusion in the high school science curriculum. In the process, students learn about the nature of science and the importance of evolution in the field of biology. More advanced students are given the task of critically evaluating one specific (and much cited) claim made by ID supporters that the irreducible complexity of the bacterial flagellum suggests that it cannot be the product of evolution. |
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Why Sex Is Good Clyde Freeman Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “Why Sex Is Good” |
This interrupted case is based on a 2005 article in Nature that deals with the issue of sexual vs. asexual reproduction and their relative merits—a question that has bedeviled biologists for over 100 years. Written by three scientists from the Imperial College London, it is a recent attempt to nail down the driving force giving sexual reproduction a raison d’être. The article serves as the final stage of this case focusing on why sex is good (at least in some circumstances). Written for a general biology class where the question of evolution is considered, the case would also be appropriate for use in an evolution or ecology course. |
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An Antipodal Mystery Clyde Freeman Herreid, University at Buffalo Teaching Notes for “An Antipodal Mystery” |
The discovery of the platypus had the scientific world in an uproar and kept it tantalized for decades. Here was the strangest animal ever seen. How was one to classify it? It had fur. So, was it a mammal? But then what to make of its duck-like bill? And how did it produce and suckle its young? This interrupted case, based on the book by Ann Moyal entitled Platypus: The Extraordinary Story of How a Curious Creature Baffled the World, focuses on classification and evolution and models the scientific process, with scientists arguing, debating, collecting more information, and revising their opinions as more data become available. |
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A Strange Fish Indeed: The Discovery of a Living Fossil
Robert H. Grant, Saint Louis University Teaching Notes for “A Strange Fish Indeed” |
Through a series of fictionalized diary entries, this case recounts the 1939 discovery by Marjorie Courtenay-Latimer (and identification by J.L.B. Smith) of a living coelacanth, a fish believed to be extinct for over 70 million years. Developed for use in a freshman biology course as an introduction to the nature and methods of scientific inquiry, the case could also be modified for use in a number of upper-level biology courses such as ichthyology, evolutionary biology, and conservation ecology. |
| Conversations with
Fireflies: A Case Study of Mimicry and Defense Lisa Carloye, Elon University Teaching Notes for “Conversations with Fireflies” |
This case explores the aggressive mimicry behavior of the femme fatale firefly - female fireflies in the genus Photuris that mimic the flash pattern of females in the genus Photinus in order to lure Photinus males to their death. The case consists of a story featuring entries in an old field notebook that are based on the research of J.E. Lloyd, originally published in Science in 1965, as well as a series of handouts that the instructor presents to the students for analysis and discussion in class in a progressive disclosure format. |
| My Brothers Keeper: A Case Study in Evolutionary Biology and Animal Behavior
Kari Benson, Lynchburg College Teaching Notes for “My Brother’s Keeper” |
In this interrupted case, students work in teams to interpret behavioral data with respect to evolutionary biology, specifically the behavior of alarm calling in a certain type of ground squirrel, which was first reported by Paul Sherman in Science in 1977. The case is appropriate for use in animal behavior, ecology, e |