FINAL PUNCTUATION

FINAL and INTERNAL PUNCTUATION

Prepared by Judith Hopkins

Rev. 8/30/2002

Update: see also LC Rule Interpretation (LCRI) for AACR2r rule 1.0C Punctuation/Spacing. This LCRI can be found in Cataloging Service Bulletin, no. 103 (Winter 2004), pp. 22-42.

FINAL PUNCTUATION

Bibliographic records

Subject headings (6XX)

Place a period at the end of a subject heading. Exception: Omit the final period if the final element in the heading is a closing parenthesis, an open date, or other mark of ending punctuation.

Examples:

650 #0 $a Presidents $z United States $v Biography.

650 #0 $a Education $z Washington (D.C.)

651 #0 $a United States $x Economic policy $y 1993-

600 10 $a Capote, Truman, $d 1924-

600 10 $a Sienkiewicz, Henryk, $d 1846-1916. $t Quo vadis?

Source: Subject cataloging manual: subject headings. Appendix D.1

Name and title headings (1XX, 245 |a, 4XX, 7XX, and 8XX)

Follow same rule as for subject headings, i.e., end in a period unless the final element in the heading is a closing parenthesis, an open date, or other mark of punctuation.

No specific source but based on an examination of LC headings in examples given in the MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data. Also,

Source: AACR2, rule 0.11 In matters of style not covered by the rules and appendices (e.g., matters of punctuation other than prescribed punctuation), follow the Chicago Manual of Style.

Title headings (246 fields)

This field is NOT to be ended by a final mark of punctuation unless the last word in the field is an abbreviation, initial/letter, or data that ends with a mark of punctuation.

Source: MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data, Field 246.

Authority records

Established headings and cross-reference fields (1XX, 4XX, 5XX): These are NOT to be ended by a final mark of punctuation, e.g., period, unless it is part of the data (e.g., a period in an abbreviation) or is called for by the cataloging rules (e.g., a parenthetical qualifier).

“When modifying an authority record for another reason, delete a final mark of punctuation in the 1XX field unless it is a part of the data (e.g., a period in an abbreviation) or is called for by the cataloging rules (e.g., a parenthetical qualifier).”

Source: Descriptive cataloguing manual: Z1. Name and series authority records. 1XX Headings. (Same wording, except for specification of field, used in the sections on 4XX and 5XX headings)

INTERNAL PUNCTUATION

Except for specific sources noted, this section is based primarily on examination of examples in the MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data.

Internal punctuation in X00 fields (Personal names) (Bibliographic and authority records)

“The punctuation of the subelements of a heading is generally dictated by descriptive cataloging or subject heading system/thesaurus rules. These input conventions clarify MARC punctuation practices. Fields 100, 600, 700, and 800 end with a mark of punctuation or a closing parenthesis. If the final subfields are subfield $2, $3, $4, or $5, the mark of punctuation or closing parenthesis precedes those subfields.

The name portion of a name/title heading ends with a mark of punctuation. The mark of punctuation is placed inside a closing quotation mark. A name or title portion followed by a subject subdivision does not end with a mark of punctuation unless the name or title portion ends with an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.”

Name portion:

Subfield b (numeration) should be preceded by no punctuation. This subfield is used only in forename headings, i.e., those with first indicator of 0.

Subfield c (titles, etc.) should be preceded by a comma except

a. When it follows subfield d in which case it should be preceded by no punctuation. This situation is a very rare occurrence!

b. When the contents of subfield c is within parentheses it should be preceded by no punctuation.

Subfield d (dates) should be preceded by a comma.

Subfield e (relator term) should be preceded by a comma unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or requires a final period, closing parenthesis or other mark of ending punctuation.

Subfield g (misc. info) Unlikely to be used in X00 fields.

Subfield j (attribution qualifier) (For 100 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records) should be preceded by a comma unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or requires a final period, closing parenthesis or other mark of ending punctuation.

Subfield q (fuller form of name) is preceded by no punctuation unless the final element of previous subfield ends in a period.

Subfield u (affiliation) Rarely used. It does not print on cards so presumably not displayed in online catalog.

Subfield 4 (Relator code) Preceded by a period. It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Title portion

Subfield f (date of a work) should be preceded by a period. (For 100 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield g (misc. info) Unlikely to be used in X00 fields.

Subfield h (medium). It is used only in fields 600, 700, and 800.

Subfield k (form) should be preceded by a period. (For 100 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield l (language of work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in another mark of punctuation. (For 100 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield m (Medium of performance for music) is preceded by a comma. It is used only in fields 600, 700, and 800.

Subfield n (number of part of a work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or unless the previous subfield is subfield m or t, in which cases it should be preceded by a comma. (For 100 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield p (name of part of a work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or unless the previous subfield is subfield m, n, or t, in which cases it should be preceded by a comma. (For 100 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield o (Arrangement statement for music) is preceded by a semi-colon. . It is used only in fields 600, 700, and 800.

Subfield r (Key for music) is preceded by a comma. . It is used only in fields 600, 700, and 800.

Subfield s (Version) is not used in 100 fields except by the National Library of Canada. When used in other X00 fields it is preceded by a period.

Subfield t (title of work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date. (For 100 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield v (Volume/sequential designation) Preceded by semicolon. Used only in 8XX field.

Subfield x (ISSN) Subfield t (title of work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date. (For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subject subdivision portion (used only in 6XX fields)

Subfields v (Form), x (General), y (Chronological) and z (Geographic) should be preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Control subfields

Subfield 2 (Source of heading) Used in 6XX field only and only when second indicator is 7; preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date.

Subfield 3 (Materials specified) Used in 6XX and 7XX fields only. It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Subfield 5 (Institution to which field applies) Used in 7XX field only. Preceded by a period.

Subfield 6 (Linkage) As this subfield is used to link fields that are different script representations of each other, we are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog. This is always the first subfield in a field.

Subfield 8 (Field link and sequence number) We are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog.

Examples:

600 00 |a John Paul |b II, |c Pope, |d 1920-

100 00 |a Moses |c (Biblical leader)

600 10 |a Beethoven, Ludwig van, |d 1770-1827 |c (Spirit)

700 1 |a Stoner, George Percy, |d 1916- |e defendant.

700 1 |a Piercy, Marge, |e auxilium.

700 1 |a Oates, Joyce Carol, |d 1938- |e auxilium.

700 12 |a John Paul |b II, |c Pope, |d 1920- |t N'ayez pas peur! |l English.

700 1 |a Oates, Joyce Carol, |d 1938- |t Them. |l Chinese.

700 12 |a Oates, Joyce Carol, |d 1938- |t Unique/universal in fiction. |f 1973.

100 1 |a Allen, Richard |q (Richard H.)

100 1 |a Beeton, |c Mrs. |q (Isabella Mary), |d 1836-1865.

100 1 |a H. D. |q (Hilda Doolittle), |d 1886-1961.

600 1 |a Graham, Billy, |d 1918- |x Preaching.

600 00 |a Moses (Biblical leader) |x In literature.

600 00 |a Piri Reis, |d d.1554? |v Bibliography.

600 10 |a Shakespeare, William, |d 1564-1616 |x Appreciation |z United States.

600 10 |a Shakespeare, William, |d 1564-1616. |t Works. |f 1981. |s Methuen.

100 1 |a Brown, B. F. |u Chemistry Dept., American University)

600 10 |a Capote, Truman, |d 1924- |x Criticism and interpretation.

700 1 |a Ellington, Duke, |d 1899-1974.|t Selections; |o arr. |f 1986.

700 0 |a Thomas |c (Anglo-Norman poet). |t Roman de Tristan. |l English.

100 1 |a Grozelier, Leopold. |4 art

Internal punctuation in X10 fields (Corporate names) (Bibliographic and authority records)

“The punctuation of the subelements of a heading is generally dictated by descriptive cataloging or subject heading system/thesaurus rules. These input conventions clarify MARC punctuation practices. Fields 110, 610, 710, and 810 end with a mark of punctuation or a closing parenthesis. If the final subfields are subfield $2, $3, $4, or $5, the mark of punctuation or closing parenthesis precedes those subfields. “ Source: MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data, X10 fields.

Name portion

Subfield b (subordinate unit) should be preceded by a period.

Subfield c (location of a meeting) If it follows subfields n or d it is preceded by blank colon blank; otherwise it is preceded by a period unless the contents of subfield c is in parentheses, in which case it is preceded by no punctuation.

Subfield e (relator term) should be preceded by a comma.

Subfield u (affiliation) Rarely used. It does not print on cards so presumably not displayed in online catalog.

Subfield 4 (Relator code) Preceded by a period. It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Name and Title portions

Subfield d (date of meeting or treaty signing) If it follows subfield n it is preceded by blank colon blank; otherwise it is preceded by a period unless the content of subfield d is in parentheses, in which case it is preceded by no punctuation.

Subfield g (misc. info) should be preceded by a period.

Subfield n (number of part of a work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or unless the previous subfield is subfield m or t, in which cases it should be preceded by a comma. However, if the content of subfield n is in parentheses, it is preceded by no punctuation. (For the 110 field this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Title portion

Subfield t (title of work) should be preceded by a period. (For use only in 6XX, 7XX and 8XX fields. For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield f (date of a work) should be preceded by a period. (For 110 field this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield h (medium) It is used only in fields 610, 710, and 810.

Subfield k (form) should be preceded by a period. (For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield l (language of work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in another mark of punctuation. (For 110 field this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield m (medium of performance for music) is preceded by a comma. It is used only in fields 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX.

Subfield n (number of part of a work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or closing parenthesis or unless the previous subfield is subfield m or t, in which cases it should be preceded by a comma. However, if the content of subfield n is in parentheses, it is preceded by no punctuation.

(For the 110 field this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield o (Arranged statement for music) is preceded by a semi-colon. . It is used only in fields 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX and is unlikely to be used in X10 fields.

Subfield p (name of part of a work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or unless the previous subfield is subfield m, n, or t, in which cases it should be preceded by a comma. However, if the content of subfield p is immediately preceded by a left parenthesis, it is preceded by no punctuation.

(For 110 field this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield r (Key for music) is preceded by a comma. . It is used only in fields 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX and is unlikely to be used in X10 fields.

Subfield s (Version) is not used in the 110 field except by the National Library of Canada. When used in other fields it is preceded by a period.

Subfield t (title of work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date. (For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield v (Volume/sequential designation) Preceded by semicolon. Used only in 8XX field.

Subfield x (ISSN) Used only in 7XX and 8XX fields; it is preceded by a blank space.

Subject subdivision portion (used only in 6XX fields)

Subfields v (Form), x (General), y (Chronological) and z (Geographic) should be preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Control subfields

Subfield 2 (Source of heading) Used in 600 field only and only when second indicator is 7; preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date.

Subfield 3 (Materials specified) Used in 600 and 700 fields only. It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Subfield 5 (Institution to which field applies) Used in 700 field only. Preceded by a period.

Subfield 8 (Field link and sequence number) We are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog.

Examples:

110 1 |a United States. |b Congress |n (1st : |d 1789-1791)

110 2 |a American Veterinary Medical Associatio. |b Meeting.

110 1 |a Paris. |b Montmartre.

110 2 |a Democratic Party (Tex.).|b State Convention |d (1857 : |c Waco, Tex.)

110 2 |a American Library Association. |b Conference |c (Washington, D.C. and London, England)

110 2 |a Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana "Benjamín Carrión." |b Núcleo de Imbabura.

610 20 |a Orthodox Eastern Church. |t Akathistos hymnos. |l Spanish & Greek.

710 10 |a Philippines. |t Labor code of the Philippines. |n Book 5, |p Labor relations.

610:20: |a United States Strategic Bombing Survey. |t Reports. |p European war.

Internal punctuation in X11 fields (Conference names) (Bibliographic and authority records)

Fields 111, 611, 711, and 811 end with a mark of punctuation or a closing parenthesis. If the final subfields are subfield $2, $3, $4, or $5, the mark of punctuation or closing parenthesis precedes those subfields.”

Source: MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data, X11 fields.

Name portion

Subfield q (Name of meeting following jurisdiction name entry element) should be preceded by a period.

Subfield d (Date of meeting) If it follows subfield n it is preceded by blank colon blank; otherwise it is preceded by a period unless the content of subfield d is in parentheses, in which case it is preceded by no punctuation.

Subfield e (subordinate unit) should be preceded by a period.

Subfield g (misc. info) should be preceded by a period.

Subfield u (affiliation) Rarely used. It does not print on cards so presumably not displayed in online catalog.

Subfield 4 (Relator code) Preceded by a period. It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Name and Title portions

Subfield g (misc. info) should be preceded by a period.

(For 111 field this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

The name portion of a name/subordinate body or name/title heading ends with a mark of punctuation. The mark of punctuation is placed inside a closing quotation mark.

A name or title portion followed by a subject subdivision does not end with a mark of punctuation unless the name or title portion ends with an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Title portion

Subfield t (title of work) should be preceded by a period. (For use only in 6XX, 7XX and 8XX fields. For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield f (date of a work) should be preceded by a period. (For 110 and 111 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield h (medium) It is used only in fields 610, 611, 710, 711, and 810, 811.

Subfield k (form) should be preceded by a period. (For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield l (language of work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in another mark of punctuation. (For 110 and 111 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield p (name of part of a work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or unless the previous subfield is subfield m, p, or t, in which cases it should be preceded by a comma. However, if the content of subfield p is immediately preceded by a left parenthesis, it is preceded by no punctuation.

(For 110 and 111 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield s (Version) is not used in 110 or 111 fields except by the National Library of Canada. When used in other fields it is preceded by a period.

Subfield v (Volume/sequential designation) Preceded by semicolon. Used only in 8XX field.

Subfield x (ISSN) Used only in 7XX and 8XX fields)

Subject subdivision portion

Subfields v (Form), x (General), y (Chronological) and z (Geographic) should be preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Control subfields

Subfield 2 (Source of heading) Used in 600 field only and only when second indicator is 7; preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date.

Subfield 3 (Materials specified) Used in 600 and 700 fields only. It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Subfield 5 (Institution to which field applies) Used in 700 field only. Preceded by a period.

Subfield 8 (Field link and sequence number) We are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog.

Examples:

611 20 |a Salon (Exhibition : Paris, France) |d (1834)

611 20 |a Festival of Britain |d (1951 : |c London, England)

611 20 |a Mostly Mozart Festival. |e Orchestra.

111 2 |a Brussels Hemoglobin Symposium |n(1st :|d1983)

111 2 |a Governor's Conference on Aging (N.Y.) |d(1982 :|cAlbany, N.Y.)

111 2 |a Esto '84 |d (1984 :|c Toronto, Ont). |e Raamatunäituse Komitee.

111 2 |a Military History Symposium (U.S.) |n (9th : |d1980 : |c United States Air Force Academy)

111 1 |a Seville. |q Exposición Ibero-Americana,|d1929-1930.

111 2 |a International Congress of Gerontology. |e Satellite Conference |d (1978 : |c Sydney, N.S.W.)

711 2 |a Stour Music Festival. |e Orchestra.

111 2 |a White House Conference on Library and Information Services Id(1979 : |c Washington, D.C.). |e Ohio Conference Delegation.

711 2 |a National Conference on Physical Measurement of the Disabled (|n 2nd, |c Mayo Clinic, |d1981) |g Projected, not held.

111 2 |a Symposium on the Underground Disposal of Radioactive Wastes |d (1979 : |c Otaniemi, Finland) |4fnd

111 2 |a British Museum. |k Manuscript. |n Additional 19269.

Internal punctuation in X30 fields (Uniform titles) (Bibliographic and authority records)

“The punctuation of the subelements of a heading is generally dictated by descriptive cataloging or subject heading system/thesaurus rules. These input conventions clarify MARC punctuation practices. Fields 130, 630, 730, and 830 end with a mark of punctuation or a closing parenthesis. If the final subfields are subfield $2, $3, or $5, the mark of punctuation or closing parenthesis precedes those subfields.”

‘A mark of punctuation is placed inside a closing quotation mark.’

“A uniform title heading followed by a subject subdivision does not end with a mark of punctuation unless the title ends with an abbreviation or an initialism.”

SOURCE: MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data, X30 Uniform titles: general information.

Title portion

Subfield d (date of treaty signing) is given in parentheses and preceded by no mark of punctuation.

Subfield f (date of a work) should be preceded by a period. (For 130 field this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield g (misc. info) should be preceded by a period.

Subfield h (medium) It is used only in fields 610, 611, 710, 711, and 810, 811.

Subfield k (form) should be preceded by a period. (For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield m (medium of performance for music) is preceded by a comma. It is used only in fields 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX.

Subfield n (number of part of work) Should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or closing parenthesis or unless the previous subfield is subfield m or t, in which case it should be preceded by a comma. However, if the content of subfield n starts with a left parenthesis, it is preceded by no punctuation.

Subfield o (Arranged statement for music) is preceded by a semi-colon. . It is used only in fields 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX and is unlikely to be used in X10 and X11 fields.

Subfield p (name of part of a work) should be preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date or unless the previous subfield is subfield m, n, p, or t, in which cases it should be preceded by a comma. However, if the content of subfield p is immediately preceded by a left parenthesis, it is preceded by no punctuation.

(For 110 and 111 fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records)

Subfield r (Key for music) is preceded by a comma. . It is used only in fields 6XX, 7XX, and 8XX and is unlikely to be used in X10 and X11 fields.

Subfield s (Version) is not used in 110 or 111 fields except by the National Library of Canada. When used in other fields it is preceded by a period.

Subfield t (title of work) should be preceded by a period. (For use only in 6XX, 7XX and 8XX fields. For 1XX fields this subfield is used only in pre-AACR2 records) This subfield is unlikely to be used in an X30 field.

Subfield v (Volume/sequential designation) Preceded by semicolon. Used only in 8XX field.

Subfield x (ISSN) Used only in 7XX and 8XX fields)

Subject subdivision portion

Subfields v (Form), x (General), y (Chronological) and z (Geographic) should

be preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Control subfields

Subfield 2 (Source of heading) Used in 630 field only and only when second indicator is 7; preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date.

Subfield 3 (Materials specified) Used in 630 and 730 fields only. It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Subfield 5 (Institution to which field applies) Used in 730 field only. Preceded by a period.

Subfield 8 (Field link and sequence number) We are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog.

Examples

630 00 |a Bible. |p N.T. |x Criticism, Textual.

630 00 |a Bible. |p N.T. |p Acts |x Criticism, Textual.

630 00 |a Genesis (Anglo-Saxon poem) |x Illustrations.

630 00 |a British Library. |k Manuscripts. |n Arundel 384.

630 00 |a Bible. |l English. |s Anchor Bible. |f 1964.

630 00 |a Bible. |p O.T. |p Genesis. |l English.

630/3:00: |a United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change |d (1992). |k Protocols, etc., |d 1997 Dec. 11.

830 0 |a Imago (Series)

630 00 |a Four seasons (Motion picture : 1981)

130 0 |a Dialogue (Montréal, Québec : 1962). |lEnglish.

630 00 |a Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance |d (1947)

130 0 |a Dialogue (Montréal, Québec : 1962). |l English.

630 00 |a Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance |d (1947)

730 02 |a Bonn Convention |d (1952). |f 1980.

730 0 |a Bible. |l Latin. |s Vulgate.|f 1454?

130 0 |a Bible. |g Manuscripts, Latin. |p N.T. |p Gospels (Lindisfarne gospels)

130 0 |a Gone with the wind (Motion picture). |h Sound recording.

130 0 |a Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms |d (1950). |k Protocols, etc., |d 1963 Sept. 16.

130 0 |a Vedas. |p Rgveda. |l Italian & Sanskrit. |k Selections.

130 0 |a Concertos, |m violin, string orchestra, |r D major.

[Uniform title heading used for a work of unknown authorship.]

730 0 |a Economics library selections. |n Series I, |p New books in economics.

730 02 |a God save the king; |o arr. |f 1982.

130 0 |a Bible. |p N.T. |p Corinthians, 1st.

630 00 |a Talmud |v Glossaries, vocabularies, etc. |5 ICU

830 0 |a Publicaciones del Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Buenos Aires "Ricardo Levene." |n III, |p Documentos del archivo.

Internal punctuation in 650 fields (Topical subject headings) (Bibliographic and authority (Field 150) records)

“Field 650 ends with a mark of punctuation or a closing parenthesis. If the final subfields are subfield $2 or $3, the mark of punctuation precedes those subfields.

A main term portion followed by a subject subdivision does not end with a mark of punctuation unless the main term portion ends with an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.”

SOURCE: MARC21 Format for Bibliographic Data, 650.

Main term portion

Subfield b (topical term following geographic name as entry element) is preceded by a period. This construction is not used in headings constructed according to AACR2.

Subfield c (Location of events) I found no examples of use of this subfield.

Subfield d (Active dates) I found no examples of use of this subfield.

Subfield e (Relator term) I found no examples of use of this subfield.

Subject subdivision portion

Subfield v (Form subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Subfield x (General subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Subfield y (Chronological subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Subfield z (Geographical subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Control subfields

Subfield 2 (Source of heading or term) is preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date.

Subfield 3 (Materials specified) It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Subfield 6 (Linkage) ) As this subfield is used to link fields that are different script representations of each other, we are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog. This is always the first subfield in a field.

Subfield 8 (Field link and sequence numbers) We are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog.

Examples

650 7 |a Space colonies. |2 nasat

650 0 |a Caracas. |b Bolivar Statue. [Pre-AACR2 formulation]

Internal punctuation in 651 fields (Geographic name subject headings) (Bibliographic and authority (Field 151) records)

“The punctuation of the subelements of a heading is generally dictated by descriptive cataloging or subject heading system/thesaurus rules. These input conventions clarify MARC punctuation practices. Field 651 ends with a mark of punctuation or a closing parenthesis. If the final subfield is subfield $2 or $3, the mark of punctuation precedes the subfield.”

“A geographic name followed by a subject subdivision does not end with a mark of punctuation unless the name ends with an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.”

Name portion

As the only subfield in this portion is subfield a, there is no problem with its punctuation.

Subject subdivision portion

Subfield v (Form subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Subfield x (General subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Subfield y (Chronological subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Subfield z (Geographical subdivision) is preceded by no punctuation unless the preceding subfield ends in an abbreviation, initial/letter, or open date.

Control subfields

Subfield 2 (Source of heading or term) is preceded by a period unless the preceding subfield ends in an open date.

Subfield 3 (Materials specified) It does not print on cards so presumably does not display in online catalog.

Subfield 8 (Field link and sequence numbers) We are unlikely to have any examples in our catalog.

Examples

651 0 |a Boston (Mass.) |v Bibliography.

651 7 |a New York (N.Y.) |2 ericd

651 0 |a United States |x History |y 1849-1877.

651 0 |a United States |x Economic policy |y 1993-

651 0 |a Louisiana |x Politics and government |v Anecdotes.